FemResThe Living Review
01Domestic labor

Who does the invisible work?

Cooking, cleaning, care and emotional labor — this issue returns domestic and reproductive work to the political stage, and asks why it was ever treated as free and natural.

Cover story
Servants of Globalization

In this issue

30 items

Books9

01

Books · Aug 2015

Servants of Globalization

Rhacel Salazar Parreñas

Centered on migrant Filipino domestic workers, Parreñas develops the international division of reproductive labor and offers a foundational account of global care chains, transnational families, and migrant women's labor.

02

Books · Jul 2016

Disposable Domestics

Grace Chang

Grace Chang traces how immigration policy, welfare reform, and global capital create a low-paid, stigmatized, yet socially essential workforce of immigrant women.

03

Books · Jan 2007

Maid to Order in Hong Kong

Nicole Constable

Nicole Constable centers Filipina migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong, showing how recruitment, employment, live-in rules, resistance, and negotiation shape care labor in an Asian global city.

04

Books · Jan 2004

Global Woman

Barbara Ehrenreich, Arlie Russell Hochschild (eds.)

This anthology reframes globalization through women's migration, domestic work, sex work, and care deficits, showing how household convenience in wealthy countries depends on emotional and bodily labor from the Global South.

05

Books · Aug 2021

The Smart Wife

Yolande Strengers and Jenny Kennedy

Yolande Strengers and Jenny Kennedy trace how voice assistants, domestic robots, and intimate technologies encode wifework into the future home, then propose a feminist reboot.

06

Books · May 2022

Essential Labor: Mothering as Social Change

Angela Garbes

First-generation Filipino American author Angela Garbes combines memoir with cultural analysis to critically examine mothering expectations and assumptions, revealing how American society depends on yet often overlooks the essential contributions of mothers and family caregivers.

07

Books · Oct 2018

Care Work: Dreaming Disability Justice

Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha

Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha frames disability justice as practical knowledge from sick and disabled queer, trans, Black, and brown communities, centering collective access, care webs, and liberation where no one is left behind.

08

Books · Mar 2012

The Managed Heart

Arlie Russell Hochschild

This groundbreaking book introduces the concept of ‘emotional labor’ through an examination of how service workers, particularly flight attendants, are required to manage their emotions as part of their job. Hochschild explores how capitalism commercializes human feelings and the gendered implications of emotional work in the modern economy.

09

Books · Feb 2000

Doing the Dirty Work? The Global Politics of Domestic Labour

Bridget Anderson

Bridget Anderson analyzes how migrant domestic labor is organized by employers, states, and border regimes, exposing the race, class, gender, and citizenship politics behind household work.

Films7

01

Films · Jan 2018

The Chambermaid

La camaristaLila Avilés

Lila Avilés's debut centers a hotel room attendant in Mexico City, using minimalist drama to show hidden cleaning labor, fantasies of mobility, and women's isolation.

02

Films · Jan 2015

The Second Mother

Que Horas Ela Volta?Anna Muylaert

This Brazilian drama uses the conflict between a live-in housekeeper, her daughter, and an employer's family to expose domestic labor, separated motherhood, class boundaries, and women's dignity.

03

Films · Jan 1975

Jeanne Dielman, 23, quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles

Chantal Akerman

There's no rioting, protesting, or marching for civil rights here. Jeanne Dielman, single mother and sometime sex worker, has a simple life: laundry, dinner, the occasional john. The mundanity of being a housewife is on achingly tedious display for three-plus hours in Chantal Akerman's experimental film. And that's why it's brilliant.

04

Films · Sep 2019

Lingua Franca

Isabel Sandoval

Written, directed, edited by, and starring Isabel Sandoval, this film brings trans identity, immigration status, care work, and intimacy into one fragile story of a Filipina caregiver in New York.

05

Films · Aug 2018

Roma

Alfonso Cuarón

Writer and director Alfonso Cuarón has described Roma as a love letter to all the women who raised him. It's a beautiful rumination on all the 'hoods' women go through: girlhood, womanhood, motherhood. A domestic drama about a maid and the middle-class family she cares for in Mexico City, the story is told in crisp black-and-white, but it doesn't take long to see that a woman's work never ventures far out of the gray area.

06

Films · May 2014

The Babadook

Jennifer Kent

A widowed single mother Amelia and her young son confront the mysterious terror creature Babadook in their home. This Australian psychological horror film breaks traditional gender stereotypes in horror cinema, exploring profound themes of loss, grief, maternal stress, and women's inner darkness from a mother's perspective.

07

Films · Mar 2011

I Will Follow

Ava DuVernay

If you can't get something done, do it yourself. Ava DuVernay took this adage to heart and wrote, directed, produced, and financed this family drama about a woman grieving the death of a loved one. It made just a blip on the box office radar, but her debut feature offers a peek at the woman behind the camera.

Videos4

Podcasts3

Articles1

Papers6

01

Papers · Sep 2009

Love and Gold

Arlie Russell Hochschild

Hochschild explains global care chains through the story of a Filipina migrant nanny: wealthy countries receive care while sending communities absorb care drain and emotional displacement.

02

Papers · Aug 2000

Migrant Filipina Domestic Workers and the International Division of Reproductive Labor

Rhacel Salazar Parreñas

Parreñas's classic article makes global care chains concrete through migrant Filipina domestic workers, showing how care crises in middle-class households are displaced onto women from the Global South while creating new care gaps in sending communities.

03

Papers · Jun 2014

Gender, Class and Race: Intersectionality and the Mutual Constitution of Social Relations

Gênero, classe e raça: Interseccionalidade e consubstancialidade das relações sociaisHelena Hirata

Hirata connects debates on intersectionality with care work in Brazil, France and Japan, asking how gender, class and race organize unequal labor.

04

Papers · Jan 1975

Wages Against Housework

Silvia Federici

This classic Marxist feminist text reveals the truth of housework as central to capitalist relations of production. Federici argues that by naturalizing housework as women's 'labor of love,' capitalism obtains massive amounts of unpaid labor. Demanding wages for housework is not about institutionalizing this labor but about politicizing it, exposing capitalism's exploitation of women's labor.

05

Papers · Jan 2019

Gender, migration and care deficits: what role for the sustainable development goals?

Sarah Gammage, Natacha Stevanovic

This article connects women's migration, care deficits, and the Sustainable Development Goals, asking how global policy frameworks can respond to care responsibilities displaced across borders.

06

Papers · Oct 2015

Housework and Parenting Time in France: What Changed over 25 Years?

Le temps domestique et parental des hommes et des femmes : quels facteurs d’évolutions en 25 ans ?Clara Champagne, Ariane Pailhé, Anne Solaz

French time-use surveys show why a shrinking housework gap does not necessarily mean shared responsibility, and why parenting follows a different pattern.