What does situated knowledge mean?
Ask where a claim was produced, through which methods and relationships, and what its location lets it see or leaves outside its frame.
Explore curated feminist content about Feminist Epistemology
FemRes guide
Feminist epistemology is not one unified method. It asks how power shapes what can be known, who counts as a knower, what evidence becomes credible, and who bears the consequences of research. Situated knowledge names knowledge made from a partial, located position; Haraway calls for situated knowledges that can be held accountable. Recognizing location does not require abandoning evidence or treating every account as equally well supported.
Standpoint theory asks a related but distinct question: what can critical inquiry learn when it begins from lives obscured by dominant accounts? A social location alone does not guarantee a standpoint or an infallible insight. Sandra Harding’s 1996 chapter on strong objectivity asks which knowledge projects can be objective and whether, and how, feminist inquiry can produce objectivity. Different feminist approaches answer this differently, and that disagreement is part of the field rather than a flaw to erase.
Sharmila Rege makes the stakes concrete in an Indian feminist debate. Her 1998 essay resists treating caste as a separate concern that can simply be assigned to Dalit women’s organizations. If feminist movements name difference without examining how caste and gender shape their histories and knowledge, the label can leave the wider politics unchanged. This is a historically specific argument, not a template to map onto every society.
The same questions travel into data and design. Who chose the categories? Whose accounts are absent, and does absence signal exclusion, privacy, or refusal? Who prepares and maintains the evidence, and who can challenge its use? Data feminism makes these decisions visible in data science and visualization. A checklist or more diverse dataset cannot settle them by itself: participation matters when people affected can help set questions, contest classifications, and refuse harmful collection.
Ask where a claim was produced, through which methods and relationships, and what its location lets it see or leaves outside its frame.
No identity grants automatic authority or immunity from criticism. Follow how a standpoint is developed through collective history, inquiry, and accountability.
No. They share questions about power and knowledge but differ over method, evidence, and what makes a claim more reliable. Keep those disagreements visible.
Trace categories, missingness, labor, consent, and decision rights from data collection through display and institutional use.
Move from Haraway’s account of partial perspective to debates over whose knowledge shapes feminist theory, then carry the questions into data and care practices.
Start here
Read Haraway on partial perspective, then see how feminist epistemology changes the practical choices behind a visualization.
Compare
Put Black feminist thought and Rege’s Dalit feminist intervention beside a direct question about who is counted in feminist theory.
Apply and extend
Connect data feminism and visualization to care: who produces evidence, what categories do, and who sustains the work.
Adjacent topics
21 · Feminist Epistemology

Books · Feb 2024
Memorial Sloan Kettering oncologist and medical historian Dr. Elizabeth Comen unveils the collective medical history of women, exploring how medicine has long misunderstood women's bodies and how these historical oversights continue to affect women's health today.
02
Books · Mar 2020
It proposes seven practical principles that bring power analysis, intersectionality, situated knowledge, and co-design into data work itself.
03
Books · Mar 2017
A feminist reading of María Puig de la Bellacasa’s account of care as maintenance, affect and political obligation - from knowledge-making to permaculture and living soil.
04
Books · Feb 2011
Annick T. R. Wibben uses narrative analysis to show how security stories define threats, authorize responses, and exclude situated experiences.
05
Books · Jan 2006
Sharmila Rege reads Dalit women's life narratives as historical and theoretical knowledge, asking who gets to write caste and gender into India's feminist history.
06
Books · Oct 1997
Oyèrónkẹ́ Oyěwùmí questions how ‘woman’ became a universal category, tracing Western gender theory through Yoruba history, language, and colonial knowledge-making.
Articles · Jul 2024
Yarlenis M. Malfrán situates Black transfeminist thought in Brazil and asks how racialization and cisnormative gender shape both the category of women and intellectual authority.
02Articles · Mar 1691
In her 1691 reply to Sor Filotea, Sor Juana uses autobiography, theology and classical learning to defend women’s study. This reading keeps the convent setting, her elite position and the argument’s limits in view.
Papers · Jan 2025
This paper explores how to translate intersectional feminist theory into practical gender analytical frameworks (GAF) for development interventions, warning against turning intersectionality into a simple instrument stripped of its theoretical and methodological nuances.
02Papers · Oct 2016
D’Ignazio and Klein turn feminist epistemology into questions for visualization design: how categories, visual form, participation, context, and labor shape whose knowledge becomes legible.
03Papers · Dec 2000
This radical feminist theoretical article revisits the place of tolerance in feminist theory, critically responding to the pluralist stance advocated by the inaugural issue of Feminist Theory journal. Drawing on Herbert Marcuse's theory of 'repressive tolerance', Thompson argues that unlimited tolerance provides shelter for patriarchal and anti-feminist viewpoints, thereby undermining feminism's core as a liberatory politics. She contends that feminism must maintain intolerance toward male domination to preserve its theoretical coherence and political efficacy.
04Papers · Aug 2000
In a 2000 feminist-theory exchange, Rita Felski broadly agrees with Sylvia Walby while questioning how Walby characterizes Donna Haraway and Iris Marion Young.
05Papers · Aug 2000
This essay is Walby's response to critiques from Phoenix, Knapp, and others, further elaborating her position that feminism needs robust theorization and universal claims. Walby argues that in the era of globalization, feminism cannot be limited to politics of location but needs to develop theoretical frameworks capable of analyzing systemic oppression across local boundaries.
06Papers · Aug 2000
This essay responds to Sylvia Walby's claim that feminism needs to move beyond politics of location toward universal arguments. Knapp, drawing from German Critical Theory and feminist traditions, explores the power of argument while warning against power relations that abstract universalism might mask, advocating for argumentative practice that is both critically powerful and acknowledges situatedness.